Have it Your Way: Disastrous Effects of Fast Food Culture, By Lori Randall

“The percent of adults aged 20 to 74 who are obese based on their body mass index increased from 24 percent in the 1960s to 33 percent in 1988-91. With all the public health campaigns and increasing consumer awareness concerning nutrition, it is then surprising to learn that in 1994, the share of all adults aged 20 and older who are overweight climbed further, to 35 percent." -- Bowman, S., & Vinyard, B. (2004). Fast Food Consumption of U.S. Adults: Impact on Energy and Nutrient Intakes and Overweight Status. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 23(2), 163-168.

"The odds of becoming obese over a 15-year period increased by 86% among young white adults . . . visiting fast-food restaurants more than twice per week, compared with those visiting fast-food restaurants less than once per week.” --

Ludwig, D.S., Bowman, S.A., Gortmaker, S.L., Ebbeling, C.B., & Pereira, M.A. (2004). Children in a National Household SurveyEffects of Fast-Food Consumption on Energy Intake and Diet Quality Among Children. Pediatrics, 10, 112-118.